• Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) is a biofuel. It is formed by the fermentation of sugar sourced from sugarcane or other organic matter like food grains.
• India started ethanol blending program in 2003 with an aim to blend 5% ethanol in petrol in nine States and four UTs. The ‘National Policy on Biofuels’, 2018 envisaged an indicative target of 20% ethanol blending in petrol (E20) by 2030. It has now been preponed to 2025.
• Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) is the nodal department for promotion of fuel grade ethanol producing distilleries in the country.
• Reduces import dependency, Reduces emissions, Increases farmers income and reduces food wastage.

Way Forward:

• Alternative to sugarcane: Production of ethanol from non-food feedstock (Advanced Biofuels) including second generation (2G) should be promoted.

• Reducing the logistic cost

• Infrastructure development: There is a need for ethanol compliant dispensing units and extra storage tanks for ethanol at marketing terminals / depots. Also Distillation Units too.

• Single Window Clearance: A system for single window clearances may be formulated by DPIIT(Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade). This should include all clearances by Central and State agencies.

• Price incentive: Like electric vehicles, higher ethanol blends can be provided with tax benefits.

• Awareness generation: by launching a nationwide educational campaign by government in partnership with the industry.

• Conclusion

• Domestic biofuels provide a strategic opportunity, as they reduce nation’s dependence on imported fossil fuels. Also, when utilized with appropriate care, biofuels can be sustainable energy sources. They can also help in generating employment and doubling of farmers’ incomes. They can help in Swachh Bharat and promote Waste to Wealth generation